collected
Ironweed cover

Fiction · Novel · Literary Fiction · Historical Fiction

Ironweed

William Kennedy

CanonicalLarry McCaffery's 100 best 20th-century English-language fiction

First published 1983 · Albany Cycle · Book 3

Reading facts

✓ Checked
Reading effort
62 / 100High
Length
240 pagesPenguin Books · 1984
Reading time
4 h 45 minat 50 pages an hour ·
Pace
Measured
Emotional intensity
5 / 5

Estimated from the page count of this edition. Dense books can take longer than the estimate.

About the book

Back in Albany in 1938, Francis Phelan digs graves for a little money and searches for food, drink and shelter alongside Helen Archer, who once hoped to become a singer. A former professional baseball player, he abandoned his wife and children more than twenty years earlier after a family tragedy. Familiar streets bring him close to the household he left, while dead relatives and figures from his violent past appear and speak to him.

Reader notes

Earthy and sorrowful, the literary novel passes freely from present encounters into memory and conversations with the dead. Elaborate language alternates with rough street talk, and alcoholism and severe violence are inseparable from its portrait of survival. It can be read independently of the other Albany novels.

How it reads

Writing style
Atmospheric · Descriptive · Lyrical
Tone
Atmospheric · Bleak · Melancholic · Reflective
Structure
Nonlinear
Driven by
Atmosphere · Character · Relationships
Point of view
Third person, omniscient
Setting
Albany

Reading complexity

Writing
4 / 5
Ideas
4 / 5
Structure
4 / 5
Background knowledge
2 / 5
About this profile

Collected’s assessment, not reader ratings. Complexity runs from 1 (least demanding) to 5 (most demanding).

Writing
How much attention the sentences and language require.
Ideas
How much interpretation or abstract reasoning the book asks of you.
Structure
How much you need to keep track of speakers, timelines and connections.
Background knowledge
Prior knowledge needed to follow the book, beyond what it explains.
Emotional intensity
Emotional pressure, from gentle (1) to intense (5). Separate from difficulty.

Themes

  • Belonging
  • Family
  • Guilt
  • Memory
  • Mortality
  • Redemption

Content notes

Violence
Strong
Sexual content
Strong
Swearing
Strong
Substance use
Strong
Abuse
Mild
Self-harm or suicide
Mild

Standing and awards

Canonical

  • Pulitzer Prize for Fiction, 1984
  • National Book Critics Circle Award, 1983
  • PEN/Faulkner Award shortlist, 1984
  • Larry McCaffery's 100 best 20th-century English-language fiction
  • Modern Library 100 Best Novels
  • Library of America

Series and reading order

Albany Cycle

  1. 3Ironweed · This book · 1983

Questions readers ask

How long is it?

240 pages in the Penguin Books 1984 paperback edition.

Which edition is shown here?

Penguin Books · 1984 · Paperback. ISBN 9780140070200.

What is the order of books in Albany Cycle?

3. Ironweed.

How long does it take to read Ironweed?

About 4 hours 45 minutes at 50 pages an hour, based on the 240-page Penguin Books edition. Dense books can take longer.

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Edition and details

Publisher
Penguin Books
Publication year
1984
Format
Paperback
Pages
240
ISBN
9780140070200
Edition language
English
Original language
English
First published
1983
Genres and form
Fiction · Novel · Literary Fiction · Historical Fiction · Literary fiction · Magical realism · Psychological fiction · Social novel
Editions
24
Languages
4 (English, Spanish, Korean, Unspecified)

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